Treatment of Prostate

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Different types of treatment of prostate are available for patients. Some treatments are standard meaning it is the currently used treatment and some are being tested in clinical trials. A treatment clinical trial is a research study use to help improve current treatments or obtain information on new treatments for patients.

When clinical trials show that a new treatment of prostate is better than the standard treatment. The new treatment may become the standard treatment.

Treatment of Prostate

1)      Watchful waiting - is closely monitoring a patient’s condition without giving any treatment until symptoms show. This is usually used in older men with other medical problems and early stage disease.

2)      Surgery - Patients in good health are usually offered surgery as treatment. The following types of surgery are used:

  • Pelvic lymphadenectomy
  • Radical prostatectomy:

There are two type of Radical prostatectomy:

  • Retropublic prostatectomy
  • Perineal prostatectomy
  • Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)
  • Nerve-sparing surgery – given in case to case basis.

3)      Radiation therapy – is a treatment that uses high-energy x-rays or other types of radiation to kill cancer cells or keep them from growing.

There are two types of radiation therapy:

  • External radiation therapy
  • Internal radiation therapy

4)      Hormone therapy - is a treatment that removes hormones or blocks their action and stops cancer cells from growing. Hormones are substances produced by glands in the body and circulated in the bloodstream. Drugs, surgery, or other hormones are used to reduce the production of male hormones or block them from working.

New types of treatment that are being tested in clinical trials:

1) Cryosurgery - is a treatment that uses an instrument to freeze and destroy prostate cancer cells. This type of treatment is also called cryotherapy.

2) Chemotherapy - is a cancer treatment that uses drugs to stop the growth of cancer cells either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. When chemotherapy is taken by mouth or injected into a vein or muscle, the drugs enter the bloodstream and can reach cancer cells throughout the body.

When chemotherapy is placed directly into the spinal column, an organ, or a body cavity such as the abdomen, the drugs mainly affect cancer cells in those areas. The way the chemotherapy is given depends on the type and stage of the cancer being treated.

3) Biologic therapy - is a treatment that uses the patient’s immune system to fight cancer. Substances made by the body or made in a laboratory are used to boost, direct, or restore the body’s natural defenses against cancer. This type of cancer treatment is also called biotherapy or immunotherapy.

4) High-intensity focused ultrasound - is a treatment that uses ultrasound to destroy cancer cells usually an endorectal probe is used to make the sound waves.

5) Proton beam radiation therapy – is a type of high-energy, external radiation therapy that targets tumors with streams of protons. This type of radiation therapy is being studied in the treatment of prostate cancer.

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Treatment of Prostate